Tenderness and its Grades

Tenderness : Pain on touch.

Grades of tenderness.

Grade I: Mild pain.

Grade II: Patient winks his eyes on pain with slight pressure.

Grade III: Patient winks his eyes and withdraws his limbs on pain with pressure.

Grade IV: Patient does not allow touching.

Knee Tests

Sequential Functional Tests for the Knee

·         Walking

·         Ascending and descending stairs (walking and running)

·         Squatting (both knees should flexed symmetrically)

·         Squatting and then bouncing at the end of the squat (again the two knees should act symmetrically)

·         Running straight ahead

·         Running straight ahead and stopping on command

·         Vertical jump

·         Running and twisting (figure of eight running, carioca)

·         Jumping and going into a full squat

·         Hard cuts, twists, pivots